Wednesday, 3 June 2020

What is a collocation & Pattern

Collocations: Use the following dictionary to find collocations: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/

What is a collocation?

A collocation is two or more words that often go together. These combinations just sound "right" to native English speakers, who use them all the time. On the other hand, other combinations may be unnatural and just sound "wrong". Look at these examples:

natural English...

unnatural English...

the fast train

fast food

the quick train

quick food

a quick shower

a quick meal

a fast shower

a fast meal

Why learn collocations?

     Your language will be more natural and more easily understood.

     You will have alternative and richer ways of expressing yourself.

     It is easier for our brains to remember and use language in chunks or blocks rather than as single words.

 

How to learn collocations

     Be aware of collocations, and try to recognize them when you see or hear them.

     Treat collocations as single blocks of language. Think of them as individual blocks or chunks, and learn strongly support, not strongly + support.

     Read as much as possible. Reading is an excellent way to learn vocabulary and collocations in context and naturally.

     You can find information on collocations in any good learner's dictionary. And you can also find specialized dictionaries of collocations.

Types and Samples of Collocations

Below you can see seven main types of collocation in sample sentences.

1. adverb + adjective

     We entered a richly decorated room.

     Are you fully aware of the implications of your action?

2. adjective + noun

     The doctor ordered him to get regular exercise.

     He was writhing on the ground in excruciating pain.

3. noun + noun

     Let's give Mr Jones a round of applause.

     I'd like to buy two bars of soap please.

4. noun + verb

     The lion started to roar when it heard the dog barking.

     Snow was falling as our plane took off.

5. verb + noun

     I always try to do my homework in the morning, after making my bed.

     He has been asked to give a presentation about his work.

6. verb + expression with preposition

     We had to return home because we had run out of money.

     At first her eyes filled with horror, and then she burst into tears.

     Their behaviour was enough to drive anybody to crime.

7. verb + adverb

     She placed her keys gently on the table and sat down.

     Mary whispered softly in John's ear.

     I vaguely remember that it was growing dark when we left.

From: https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/collocations.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collocation Practice:

Choose the correct verb to go with the following words/phrases:

 

Catch      Pay        Keep

 

 

a cold                  attention              a bus          control                 the bill

 

a promise            a ball                    calm           the price          by check       

 

a thief            a visit              an appointment             by surprise          quiet 

 

fire          cash              a secret         someone a compliment      

 

the change           someone’s eye

 

 

Take        Have         Break

 

a break                a headache             an exam            a seat         breakfast       

 

the law                  a taxi                  a world record              someone’s heart     

 

a bath                  someone’s temperature                  a look         a promise

 

a chance         the rules             notes             time             a habit        

 

a problem          the ice          

 

 

 

 

 

Patterns:

 

Whenever you learn a new verb or adjective, look it up in the dictionary and study the grammatical patterns that can follow them.

 

The patterns can be seen in you learner’s dictionary. For this class we will use: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/

 

Verb patterns:

Type of pattern:                     Example:                      Pattern in dictionary

 

Verb + verb -ing                               I enjoy cooking                                enjoy doing sth.

 

Verb + infinitive                                I need to eat                                      need to do sth.

 

Verb + obj. + inf.                              I asked him to go                              sb asks sb to do sth

 

Verb + obj. + base v.                       I let my son play games                sb lets sb do sth

 

Verb + prep. + verb -ing                  I plan on leaving early                     plan on doing sth

 

Verb + obj. + prep. + v. -ing           I stopped her from leaving       stop sb from doing sth.

 

 

Adjective patterns:

Type of Pattern                                 Example:                               Pattern in dictionary

 

Prep. + v -ing                        excited about finishing                    excited about doing sth/sth

 

Adj. + infinitive                     sad to say…                                      sad to do sth

 

Adj + that                               afraid that I have some….              Afraid that…

 

 

In groups, see if you can make your own example for each pattern. Use the dictionary if you are not sure if your pattern is correct.


No comments:

Post a Comment